Prevalence of long-term opioid therapy in spine center outpatients the spinal pain opioid cohort (SPOC).

Claus MannicheLonny StokholmSophie L RavnTonny A AndersenLars BrandtKatrine H RubinBerit Schiøttz-ChristensenLars L AndersenSøren G Skousgaard

Published in: European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society (2021)

Diagnostic: individual cross-sectional studies with consistently applied reference standard and blinding.

Keyphrases

chronic pain
pain management
cross sectional
spinal cord
risk factors
case control
neuropathic pain
stem cells
mesenchymal stem cells
cell therapy
postoperative pain
replacement therapy