An Update on Clinical Trials and Potential Therapeutic Strategies in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Janisha PatelXueliang GaoHaizhen WangPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2023)
Current therapies for T-cell acute leukemia are based on risk stratification and have greatly improved the survival rate for patients, but mortality rates remain high owing to relapsed disease, therapy resistance, or treatment-related toxicities/infection. Patients with relapsed disease continue to have poor outcomes. In the past few years, newer agents have been investigated to optimize upfront therapies for higher-risk patients in the hopes of decreasing relapse rates. This review summarizes the progress of chemo/targeted therapies using Nelarabine/Bortezomib/CDK4/6 inhibitors for T-ALL in clinical trials and novel strategies to target NOTCH-induced T-ALL. We also outline immunotherapy clinical trials using monoclonal/bispecific T-cell engaging antibodies, anti-PD1/anti-PDL1 checkpoint inhibitors, and CAR-T for T-ALL therapy. Overall, pre-clinical studies and clinical trials showed that applying monoclonal antibodies or CAR-T for relapsed/refractory T-ALL therapy is promising. The combination of target therapy and immunotherapy may be a novel strategy for T-ALL treatment.
Keyphrases
- clinical trial
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- multiple myeloma
- end stage renal disease
- newly diagnosed
- acute myeloid leukemia
- ejection fraction
- diffuse large b cell lymphoma
- chronic kidney disease
- stem cells
- peritoneal dialysis
- hodgkin lymphoma
- cardiovascular disease
- randomized controlled trial
- photodynamic therapy
- cell proliferation
- squamous cell carcinoma
- bone marrow
- study protocol
- metabolic syndrome
- mass spectrometry
- cancer therapy
- phase iii
- free survival
- radiation therapy
- locally advanced