Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a degenerative condition impacting numerous individuals globally. Genicular artery embolization (GAE) has emerged as an effective minimally invasive therapy for managing medically refractory OA-related pain in patients who are not eligible for surgery. This intervention works by disrupting the inflammatory and neoangiogenic pathways that contribute to pain. The efficacy of GAE has been demonstrated in various clinical trials, yielding promising results. This review aims to explore recent advancements in the embolic materials used during GAE, examining their properties and potential benefits. Additionally, it will describe the use of pre-, intra-, and postprocedural imaging-particularly magnetic resonance imaging and other modalities-to optimize GAE outcomes.
Keyphrases
- minimally invasive
- knee osteoarthritis
- chronic pain
- magnetic resonance imaging
- clinical trial
- high resolution
- pain management
- neuropathic pain
- radiofrequency ablation
- randomized controlled trial
- computed tomography
- oxidative stress
- type diabetes
- magnetic resonance
- robot assisted
- insulin resistance
- metabolic syndrome
- adipose tissue
- coronary artery disease
- open label
- skeletal muscle
- acute coronary syndrome
- phase ii
- climate change
- study protocol
- drug induced