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Role of PD-1 in Skin Cancer: Molecular Mechanism, Clinical Applications, and Resistance.

Neha SharmaRupa MazumderPallavi RaiAbhijit Debnath
Published in: Chemical biology & drug design (2024)
Skin cancer is a widespread worldwide health concern, manifesting in many subtypes such as squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Although all these types occur frequently, they generally lack the possibility of being cured, emphasizing the importance of early discovery and treatment. This comprehensive study explores the role of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in skin cancer, focusing on its molecular mechanisms in immune regulation and its critical role in tumor immune evasion, while also clarifying the complexities of immune checkpoints in cancer pathogenesis. It critically evaluates the clinical applications of PD-1 inhibitors, spotlighting their therapeutic potential in treating skin cancer, while also addressing the significant challenge of resistance. This work further discusses the evolution of resistance mechanisms against PD-1 inhibitors and suggests potential approaches to mitigate these issues, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of these therapies. The study further highlights the current state of PD-1 targeted therapies and sets the stage for future research aimed at optimizing these treatments for better clinical outcomes in skin cancer.
Keyphrases
  • skin cancer
  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • randomized controlled trial
  • healthcare
  • systematic review
  • mental health
  • risk assessment
  • radiation therapy
  • human health
  • young adults
  • locally advanced
  • combination therapy