An integrated analysis of the structural changes and gene expression of spleen in human visceral leishmaniasis with and without HIV coinfection.
Jonathan L M FontesRicardo KhouriLuis Gustavo C ReinaldoErina M A HassegawaAntônio José Meneses FilhoCaroline V B de MeloPablo Ivan P RamosRafael de Deus MouraCarla PagliariMarta SantosRaimundo José C AraújoJohan Van WeyenberghLuiz A R de FreitasCarlos Henrique N CostaWashington Luís Conrado Dos SantosPublished in: PLoS neglected tropical diseases (2024)
The spleen plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of visceral leishmaniasis. In severe forms of the disease, the spleen undergoes changes that can compromise its function in surveilling blood-circulating pathogens. In this study, we present an integrated analysis of the structural and gene expression alterations in the spleens of three patients with relapsing visceral leishmaniasis, two of whom were coinfected with HIV. Our findings reveal that the IL6 signaling pathway plays a significant role in the disorganization of the white pulp, while BCL10 and ICOSLG are associated with spleen organization. Patients coinfected with HIV and visceral leishmaniasis exhibited lower splenic CD4+ cell density and reduced expression of genes such as IL15. These effects may contribute to a compromised immune response against L. infantum in coinfected individuals, further impacting the structural organization of the spleen.
Keyphrases
- gene expression
- antiretroviral therapy
- hiv positive
- hiv infected
- hiv testing
- human immunodeficiency virus
- hepatitis c virus
- hiv aids
- immune response
- men who have sex with men
- signaling pathway
- dna methylation
- end stage renal disease
- multiple sclerosis
- genome wide
- single cell
- endothelial cells
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- poor prognosis
- prognostic factors
- dendritic cells
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- pi k akt
- cell therapy
- rheumatoid arthritis
- toll like receptor