Prevention of Seroma Formation and Its Sequelae After Axillary Lymph Node Dissection: An Up-to-Date Systematic Review and Guideline for Surgeons.
Merel A Spiekerman van WeezelenburgMaikel J A M BakensJean H T DaemenLoeki AldenhovenElisabeth R M van HaarenAlfred JanssenYvonne L J VissersGeerard L BeetsJames van BastelaarPublished in: Annals of surgical oncology (2023)
To prevent CSS after ALND, axillary drainage is the most valuable and scientifically proven measure. On the basis of the results of this systematic review with network meta-analysis, removing the drain when output is < 50 ml per 24 h for two consecutive days irrespective of duration seems best. Since drainage policies vary widely, an evidence-based guideline is needed.