Transcriptional response to a Mediterranean diet intervention exerts a modulatory effect on neuroinflammation signaling pathway.
Enrique Almanza-AguileraDolores CorellaDolores CorellaDaniel Muñoz AguayoEmilio RosOlga PortolésJulieta ValussiRamon EstruchOscar ColtellIsaac SubiranaJordi Salas SalvadóMiguel Ruiz-CanelaRafael de la TorreLara NonellMontserrat FitóOlga CastanerPublished in: Nutritional neuroscience (2020)
Background: The Traditional Mediterranean Diet (TMD) is known to have beneficial effects on several chronic diseases. However, data concerning the whole transcriptome modulation of the TMD are scarce.Objective: We aimed to explore the effects of the TMD on the whole transcriptome of individuals at high cardiovascular risk.Methods: Thirty-four participants at high cardiovascular risk were randomly assigned to a TMD enriched with extra-virgin olive oil (TMD + VOO), mixed nuts (TMD + Nuts), or a control diet based on low-fat diet recommendations. A microarray analysis in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the participants was conducted before and after 3 months of the intervention. The association of changes in gene expression was modeled into canonical pathways by conducting an untargeted functional analysis with the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis® (IPA). Effects were considered significant when the absolute z-score values were ≥2.0 and the logarithm P (adjusted by the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure [BH]) values were ≥1.30.Results: According to IPA, interventions with TMD + Nuts, TMD + VOO, and control diet downregulated neuroinflammation, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 , and cholecystokinin/gastrin-mediated signaling pathways, respectively. The gene expression among these pathways included cytokines, T-cell activation receptors, nuclear factor kappa β/inflammasome components, pro-inflammatory enzymes and cell cycle regulators.Conclusion: The current findings suggest that the TMD enriched with mixed nuts or VOO downregulate transcriptomic pathways, including those related to neuroinflammation, which could influence development of neurodegenerative diseases. Our data should be corroborated in other tissue cells, such as neurons and glial cells. The PREDIMED trial was registered at https://www.controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN35739639).
Keyphrases
- gene expression
- induced apoptosis
- signaling pathway
- nuclear factor
- cell cycle
- cell cycle arrest
- physical activity
- weight loss
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- single cell
- dna methylation
- traumatic brain injury
- cell proliferation
- lipopolysaccharide induced
- rna seq
- pi k akt
- clinical trial
- mass spectrometry
- adipose tissue
- genome wide
- brain injury
- transcription factor
- electronic health record
- inflammatory response
- lps induced
- spinal cord injury
- data analysis
- simultaneous determination
- dendritic cells
- fatty acid
- phase iii
- clinical practice
- deep learning
- phase ii
- high resolution
- drug induced
- open label
- tandem mass spectrometry