Measles Virus as an Oncolytic Immunotherapy.
Christine E EngelandGuy UngerechtsPublished in: Cancers (2021)
Measles virus (MeV) preferentially replicates in malignant cells, leading to tumor lysis and priming of antitumor immunity. Live attenuated MeV vaccine strains are therefore under investigation as cancer therapeutics. The versatile MeV reverse genetics systems allows for engineering of advanced targeted, armed, and shielded oncolytic viral vectors. Therapeutic efficacy can further be enhanced by combination treatments. An emerging focus in this regard is combination immunotherapy, especially with immune checkpoint blockade. Despite challenges arising from antiviral immunity, availability of preclinical models, and GMP production, early clinical trials have demonstrated safety of oncolytic MeV and yielded promising efficacy data. Future clinical trials with engineered viruses, rational combination regimens, and comprehensive translational research programs will realize the potential of oncolytic immunotherapy.
Keyphrases
- clinical trial
- induced apoptosis
- public health
- papillary thyroid
- escherichia coli
- phase ii
- electronic health record
- big data
- squamous cell carcinoma
- current status
- cancer therapy
- machine learning
- oxidative stress
- signaling pathway
- cell therapy
- phase iii
- young adults
- randomized controlled trial
- lymph node metastasis
- gene therapy
- human health