Physical Exercise Protects Against Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases.
Juan GaoXue PanGuoping LiEmeli ChatterjeeJunjie XiaoPublished in: Journal of cardiovascular translational research (2021)
Increasing evidence shows that endothelial cells play critical roles in maintaining vascular homeostasis, regulating vascular tone, inhibiting inflammatory response, suppressing lipid leakage, and preventing thrombosis. The damage or injury of endothelial cells induced by physical, chemical, and biological risk factors is a leading contributor to the development of mortal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of endothelial injury remains to be elucidated. Notably, no drugs effectively targeting and mending injured vascular endothelial cells have been approved for clinical practice. There is an urgent need to understand pathways important for repairing injured vasculature that can be targeted with novel therapies. Exercise training-induced protection to endothelial injury has been well documented in clinical trials, and the underlying mechanism has been explored in animal models. This review mainly summarizes the protective effects of exercise on vascular endothelium and the recently identified potential therapeutic targets for endothelial dysfunction.
Keyphrases
- endothelial cells
- high glucose
- inflammatory response
- risk factors
- clinical trial
- clinical practice
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- physical activity
- signaling pathway
- skeletal muscle
- pulmonary embolism
- mental health
- nitric oxide
- randomized controlled trial
- immune response
- open label
- risk assessment
- high intensity
- study protocol
- lps induced