The differences of the economic losses due to presenteeism and treatment costs between high-stress workers and non-high-stress workers using the stress check survey in Japan.

To motivate employers to improve stressful work environments, it is recommended that presenteeism measurement items be added to the stress check survey, and that the methods used in this study be used to calculate the loss associated with high-stress workers in Japanese companies. However, we must be careful in interpreting absolute presenteeism loss amounts because they are poorly reliable and valid.