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Developing and validating polygenic risk scores for colorectal cancer risk prediction in East Asians.

Jie PingYaohua YangWanqing WenSun-Seog KweonKoichi MatsudaWei-Hua JiaAesun ShinYu-Tang GaoKeitaro MatsuoJeong-Seon KimDong-Hyun KimSun Ha JeeQiuyin CaiZhishan ChenRan TaoMin-Ho ShinChizu TanikawaZhi-Zhong PanJae Hwan OhIsao OzeYoon-Ok AhnKeum Ji JungZe-Fang RenChristina E BaileyJirong LongQuan Long
Published in: International journal of cancer (2022)
Several polygenic risk scores (PRSs) have been developed to predict the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in European descendants. We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from 22 702 cases and 212 486 controls of Asian ancestry to develop PRSs and validated them in two case-control studies (1454 Korean and 1736 Chinese). Eleven PRSs were derived using three approaches: GWAS-identified CRC risk SNPs, CRC risk variants identified through fine-mapping of known risk loci and genome-wide risk prediction algorithms. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and area under the curve (AUC). PRS 115-EAS , a PRS with 115 GWAS-reported risk variants derived from East-Asian data, validated significantly better than PRS 115-EUR derived from European descendants. In the Korea validation set, OR per SD increase of PRS 115-EAS was 1.63 (95% CI = 1.46-1.82; AUC = 0.63), compared with OR of 1.44 (95% CI = 1.29-1.60, AUC = 0.60) for PRS 115-EUR . PRS 115-EAS/EUR derived using meta-analysis results of both populations slightly improved the AUC to 0.64. Similar but weaker associations were found in the China validation set. Individuals among the highest 5% of PRS 115-EAS/EUR have a 2.52-fold elevated CRC risk compared with the medium (41-60th) risk group and have a 12% to 20% risk of developing CRC by age 85. PRSs constructed using results from fine-mapping and genome-wide algorithms did not perform as well as PRS 115-EAS and PRS 115-EAS/EUR in risk prediction, possibly due to a small sample size. Our results indicate that CRC PRSs are promising in predicting CRC risk in East Asians and highlights the importance of using population-specific data to build CRC risk prediction models.
Keyphrases
  • genome wide
  • systematic review
  • case control
  • genome wide association study
  • randomized controlled trial
  • dna methylation
  • gene expression
  • electronic health record
  • copy number
  • air pollution
  • wastewater treatment