Epigenetics of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Endometriosis.
Huixi ChenFrancesca MalentacchiMassimiliano FambriniAbdel Halim HarrathHefeng HuangFelice PetragliaPublished in: Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) (2020)
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory gynecological disease. Increased estrogen activity and progesterone resistance are the main hormonal substrate of this disease and are associated with inflammatory response and debilitating symptoms, including pain and infertility. Estrogens and progesterone act via their specific nuclear receptors. The regulation of receptor expression by epigenetics maybe a critical factor for endometriosis. The present review aims to discuss the epigenetic mechanisms related to the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) and progesterone receptors (PRs) in patients with endometriosis, including two classic epigenetic mechanisms: DNA methylation and histone modification, and, other non-classic mechanisms: miRNAs and lncRNA. Several in vitro and in vivo studies support the key role of epigenetics in the regulation of the expression of ERs and PRs, which may provide new molecules and targets for the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis.
Keyphrases
- estrogen receptor
- dna methylation
- inflammatory response
- gene expression
- poor prognosis
- genome wide
- chronic pain
- type diabetes
- pain management
- binding protein
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- adipose tissue
- lipopolysaccharide induced
- metabolic syndrome
- immune response
- spinal cord injury
- long noncoding rna
- neuropathic pain
- copy number
- skeletal muscle
- insulin resistance
- amino acid
- postoperative pain