Persistently Elevated Expression of Systemic, Soluble Co-Inhibitory Immune Checkpoint Molecules in People Living with HIV before and One Year after Antiretroviral Therapy.

Robyn-Brooke Labuschagne NaidooHelen C SteelAnnette J TheronRonald AndersonGregory R TintingerTheresa M Rossouw

Published in: Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) (2024)

Plasma levels of CTLA-4, LAG-3, PD-1, PD-L1 and TIM-3 were significantly elevated in treatment-naïve PLWH and remained so following one year of virally-suppressive ART, possibly identifying LAG-3 and TIM-3 in particular as potential targets for adjuvant immunotherapy.

Keyphrases

antiretroviral therapy
hiv infected
human immunodeficiency virus
poor prognosis
hiv infected patients
hiv aids
hiv positive
combination therapy
binding protein
risk assessment
long non coding rna
replacement therapy