Recombinant Protein Vaccines Formulated with Enantio-Specific Cationic Lipid R-DOTAP Induce Protective Cellular and Antibody-Mediated Immune Responses in Mice.
Siva K GandhapudiHua ShiMartin R WardJohn Peyton BushMargarita AvdiushkoKaruna SundarapandiyanLauren V WoodMania DorraniAfsheen FatimaJoe DervanFrank Bedu-AddoGreg ConnTed M RossJerold G WoodwardPublished in: Viruses (2023)
Adjuvants are essential components of subunit vaccines added to enhance immune responses to antigens through immunomodulation. Very few adjuvants have been approved for human use by regulatory agencies due to safety concerns. Current subunit vaccine adjuvants approved for human use are very effective in promoting humoral immune responses but are less effective at promoting T-cell immunity. In this study, we evaluated a novel pure enantio-specific cationic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (R-DOTAP) as an immunomodulator for subunit vaccines capable of inducing both humoral- and cellular-mediated immunity. Using recombinant protein antigens derived from SARS-CoV2 spike or novel computationally optimized broadly reactive influenza antigen (COBRA) proteins, we demonstrated that R-DOTAP nanoparticles promoted strong cellular- and antibody-mediated immune responses in both monovalent and bivalent vaccines. R-DOTAP-based vaccines induced antigen-specific and polyfunctional CD8 + and CD4 + effector T cells and memory T cells, respectively. Antibody responses induced by R-DOTAP showed a balanced Th1/Th2 type immunity, neutralizing activity and protection of mice from challenge with live SARS-CoV2 or influenza viruses. R-DOTAP also facilitated significant dose sparing of the vaccine antigens. These studies demonstrate that R-DOTAP is an excellent immune stimulator for the production of next-generation subunit vaccines containing multiple recombinant proteins.
Keyphrases
- immune response
- dendritic cells
- sars cov
- endothelial cells
- toll like receptor
- regulatory t cells
- high glucose
- protein kinase
- type diabetes
- cell free
- oxidative stress
- high fat diet induced
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- pluripotent stem cells
- diabetic rats
- coronavirus disease
- drug induced
- small molecule
- dengue virus
- insulin resistance
- skeletal muscle
- aedes aegypti
- type iii