Decreasing angiogenesis vasa vasorum through Lp-PLA2 and H2O2 inhibition by PSP from Ganoderma lucidum in atherosclerosis: in vivo diabetes mellitus type 2.
Titin Andri WihastutiReyhan AmiruddinFibe Yulinda CesaAmalia Istiqamah AlkafMeddy SetiawanTeuku HeriansyahPublished in: Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology (2020)
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor of atherosclerosis. Hyperglycemia in T2DM causes advanced formation of glycation end products (AGE) which leads to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Oxidative stress occurs due to increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H2O2. On the other hand, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase (Lp-PLA2) has pro-inflammatory effects, which cause instability of atherosclerosis plaques. This condition causes hypoxemic cells to stimulate HIFα induced vasa vasorum angiogenesis. This study aims to understand the potential of PSP as an anti-angiogenic agent through decreased levels of H2O2 and Lp-PLA2 leading to the decline of vasa vasorum angiogenesis in diabetic rat model. In addition, this study also measured the lipid profile of diabetic rat model in relation to vasa vasorum angiogenesis. Methods True laboratory experiment with randomized post-test control of group design using 25 wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into five groups; one normal group and four group with High Fat Diet (HFD) and low dose streptozotocin (30 mg/kgBW) injection sc, treated with placebo and three various doses of PSP 50, 150, 300 mg/kgBW. Results ANOVA test (p < 0.05) shows that there is a significant influence of polysaccharide peptide (PSP) feeding on the decreased amount of vasa vasorum angiogenesis (p = 0.00), lipid profile (cholesterol total and triglyceride; p = 0.01, p = 0.001), and amount of H202 (p = 0.003). The amount of Lp-PLA2 declined to (p = 0.184). This result indicates that PSP prevents inflammation in atherosclerosis. Conclusions PSP of Ganoderma lucidum is an anti-angiogenic agent in T2DM.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- high fat diet
- diabetic rats
- endothelial cells
- wound healing
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- induced apoptosis
- reactive oxygen species
- cardiovascular disease
- low dose
- high glucose
- insulin resistance
- glycemic control
- adipose tissue
- type diabetes
- dna damage
- double blind
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- risk factors
- clinical trial
- low density lipoprotein
- randomized controlled trial
- climate change
- high dose
- respiratory failure
- ultrasound guided
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- skeletal muscle
- mechanical ventilation