Assessing the volume status in critically ill patients is the key to maintain the stability of the hemodynamics; however, it can be challenging to view the complexity of cases and the diversity of shock etiology. Multiple noninvasive means have been used to study the effectiveness of volume resuscitation, but none of them have been used as gold standard. We aim to illustrate the most used techniques: left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral versus inferior vena cava compressibility index, and highlight their limitations and strengths. These tools are both operator-dependent and might be affected by several factors including ventilator settings.
Keyphrases
- inferior vena cava
- left ventricular
- pulmonary embolism
- randomized controlled trial
- cardiac arrest
- heart failure
- systematic review
- vena cava
- computed tomography
- acute myocardial infarction
- pulmonary hypertension
- mitral valve
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- left atrial
- coronary artery disease
- intensive care unit
- atrial fibrillation
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation