Accelerating P300-based neurofeedback training for attention enhancement using iterative learning control: a randomized controlled trial.

Our results suggest that ERP-based neurofeedback training using a P300 speller effectively enhances attention in healthy adults, with significant improvements observed after a single session. Personalised task difficulty adaptation using iterative learning control not only accelerates the training but also enhances ERPs during the training. Accelerating neurofeedback training, while maintaining its effectiveness, is vital for its acceptability by both end-users and clinicians.