Analysis of clinical cure outcome, macrophages number, cytokines levels and expression of annexin-A1 in the cutaneous infection in patients with Leishmania braziliensis.

These findings suggest that the infectious microenvironment induced by L. braziliensis affects the differentiation of M1 and M2 macrophages, cytokine release, and ANXA1 expression, thereby influencing the healing capacity of patients. Therefore, histopathological and immunological investigations may improve the selection of CL therapy.