Ginsenoside Rd Inhibits the Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer via Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Axis.
Lan Thi Hanh PhiIta Novita SariYoseph Toni WijayaKwang Seock KimKichul ParkArt E ChoHyog Young KwonPublished in: IUBMB life (2018)
Ginsenoside Rd is a saponin from ginseng and has been reported to have various biological activities. However, the effect of ginsenoside Rd on the metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. Here, we found that ginsenoside Rd decreased the colony-forming ability, migration, invasion, and wound-healing abilities of CRC cells, although it did not affect cell proliferation. In addition, using an inverse-docking assay, we found that ginsenoside Rd bound to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with a high binding affinity, inducing the downregulation of stemness- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes; these were partially rescued by either exogenous EGF treatment or ectopic expression of SOX2. Furthermore, ginsenoside Rd significantly decreased the number and size of tumor metastasis nodules in the livers, lungs, and kidneys of mouse model of metastasis. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(5):601-610, 2019.
Keyphrases
- epidermal growth factor receptor
- growth factor
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- cell proliferation
- tyrosine kinase
- wound healing
- mouse model
- stem cells
- small cell lung cancer
- advanced non small cell lung cancer
- signaling pathway
- induced apoptosis
- poor prognosis
- high throughput
- transforming growth factor
- transcription factor
- cell cycle arrest
- molecular dynamics simulations
- cell cycle
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell migration
- long non coding rna
- pi k akt
- dna binding