Developmental programming: interaction between prenatal BPA exposure and postnatal adiposity on metabolic variables in female sheep.
Almudena Veiga-LopezJacob MoellerRohit SreedharanKanakadurga SingerCarey N LumengWen YeAnthony PeaseVasantha PadmanabhanPublished in: American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism (2015)
Among potential contributors for the increased incidence of metabolic diseases is the developmental exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA). BPA is an estrogenic chemical used in a variety of consumer products. Evidence points to interactions of BPA with the prevailing environment. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of prenatal exposure to BPA on postnatal metabolic outcomes, including insulin resistance, adipose tissue distribution, adipocyte morphometry, and expression of inflammatory markers in adipose tissue as well as to assess whether postnatal overfeeding would exacerbate these effects. Findings indicate that prenatal BPA exposure leads to insulin resistance in adulthood in the first breeder cohort (study 1), but not in the second cohort (study 2), which is suggestive of potential differences in genetic susceptibility. BPA exposure induced adipocyte hypertrophy in the visceral fat depot without an accompanying increase in visceral fat mass or increased CD68, a marker of macrophage infiltration, in the subcutaneous fat depot. Cohens effect size analysis found the ratio of visceral to subcutaneous fat depot in the prenatal BPA-treated overfed group to be higher compared with the control-overfed group. Altogether, these results suggest that exposure to BPA during fetal life at levels found in humans can program metabolic outcomes that lead to insulin resistance, a forerunner of type 2 diabetes, with postnatal obesity failing to manifest any interaction with prenatal BPA relative to insulin resistance and adipocyte hypertrophy.
Keyphrases
- insulin resistance
- adipose tissue
- high fat diet
- high fat diet induced
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- pregnant women
- metabolic syndrome
- skeletal muscle
- preterm infants
- type diabetes
- glycemic control
- risk assessment
- poor prognosis
- depressive symptoms
- healthcare
- dna methylation
- social media
- genome wide
- endothelial cells
- copy number
- health information
- climate change