Polydextrose changes the gut microbiome and attenuates fasting triglyceride and cholesterol levels in Western diet fed mice.
Ghulam Shere RazaHeli PutaalaAshley A HibberdEsa AlhoniemiKirsti TiihonenKari Antero MäkeläKarl-Heinz HerzigPublished in: Scientific reports (2017)
Obesity and dyslipidemia are hallmarks of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Polydextrose (PDX), a soluble fiber has lipid lowering effects. We hypothesize that PDX reduces triglycerides and cholesterol by influencing gut microbiota, which in turn modulate intestinal gene expression. C57BL/6 male mice were fed a Western diet (WD) ±75 mg PDX twice daily by oral gavage for 14 days. Body weight and food intake were monitored daily. Fasting plasma lipids, caecal microbiota and gene expression in intestine and liver were measured after 14 days of feeding. PDX supplementation to WD significantly reduced food intake (p < 0.001), fasting plasma triglyceride (p < 0.001) and total cholesterol (p < 0.05). Microbiome analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium and Coriobacteriaceae taxa associated with lean phenotype, increased in WD + PDX mice. Gene expression analysis with linear mixed-effects model showed consistent downregulation of Dgat1, Cd36, Fiaf and upregulation of Fxr in duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon in WD + PDX mice. Spearman correlations indicated that genera enriched in WD + PDX mice inversely correlated with fasting lipids and downregulated genes Dgat1, Cd36 and Fiaf while positively with upregulated gene Fxr. These results suggest that PDX in mice fed WD promoted systemic changes via regulation of the gut microbiota and gene expression in intestinal tract.
Keyphrases
- gene expression
- high fat diet induced
- insulin resistance
- dna methylation
- physical activity
- body weight
- blood glucose
- genome wide
- low density lipoprotein
- cardiovascular disease
- metabolic syndrome
- cell proliferation
- genome wide identification
- copy number
- wild type
- skeletal muscle
- signaling pathway
- south africa
- adipose tissue
- poor prognosis
- antibiotic resistance genes
- nk cells
- sensitive detection
- fluorescent probe