Demand-Side Factors in Maternal Health Outcomes: Evidence from a Community Health Worker Programme in Uganda.
Joshua L GreenbergJordan BateisibwaJoseph NgonziKatherine DonatoPublished in: The journal of development studies (2022)
While community health workers (CHWs) are a core feature of many low-resource healthcare systems, evidence on both their health impacts and the mechanisms behind these impacts remains limited. Using a difference-in-differences design with a control and treatment group, this study evaluated a CHW programme in southwestern Uganda aimed at improving maternal health outcomes. We found relatively little evidence of an overall programme effect on health behaviours, including antenatal care attendance and delivery under skilled supervision. Analysis of heterogeneity by gestational age at first antenatal visit - which should have modulated exposure to the intervention - provided suggestive evidence that treatment effects varied predictably with gestational age. Altogether, the absence of strong programme effects may have been due to suboptimal performance by CHWs, thus highlighting the importance of studying and instituting appropriate monitoring and incentive schemes for such programmes. Additionally, in contrast to the weak treatment effect findings, analysis of the entire study sample between the pre- and post-intervention periods showed large improvements in healthcare-seeking behaviour across both the treatment and control groups. These changes may have arisen from concurrent supply-side health facility improvements affecting the entire study population, spillover effects from the CHWs, or background health trends.
Keyphrases
- healthcare
- gestational age
- birth weight
- public health
- mental health
- preterm birth
- randomized controlled trial
- pregnant women
- study protocol
- health information
- magnetic resonance imaging
- combination therapy
- computed tomography
- single cell
- chronic pain
- health promotion
- replacement therapy
- quality improvement
- health insurance
- smoking cessation
- rectal cancer
- locally advanced