Feasibility of Application of the Newly Developed Nano-Biomaterial, β-TCP/PDLLA, in Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery: A Pilot Rat Study.
Erina TodaYunpeng BaiJingjing ShaQuang Ngoc DongHuy Xuan NgoTakashi SuyamaKenichi MiyamotoYumi MatsuzakiTakahiro KannoPublished in: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
This study was performed to examine the applicability of the newly developed nano-biocomposite, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/u-HA/poly-d/l-lactide (PDLLA), to bone defects in the oral and maxillofacial area. This novel nano-biocomposite showed several advantages, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and osteoconductivity. In addition, its optimal plasticity also allowed its utilization in irregular critical bone defect reconstructive surgery. Here, three different nano-biomaterials, i.e., β-TCP/PDLLA, β-TCP, and PDLLA, were implanted into critical bone defects in the right lateral mandible of 10-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats as bone graft substitutes. Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and immunohistochemical staining for the osteogenesis biomarkers, Runx2, osteocalcin, and the leptin receptor, were performed to investigate and compare bone regeneration between the groups. Although the micro-CT results showed the highest bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume to total volume (BV/TV) with β-TCP, immunohistochemical analysis indicated better osteogenesis-promoting ability of β-TCP/PDLLA, especially at an early stage of the bone healing process. These results confirmed that the novel nano-biocomposite, β-TCP/PDLLA, which has excellent biocompatibility, bioresorbability and bioactive/osteoconductivity, has the potential to become a next-generation biomaterial for use as a bone graft substitute in maxillofacial reconstructive surgery.
Keyphrases
- bone regeneration
- bone mineral density
- postmenopausal women
- computed tomography
- minimally invasive
- body composition
- early stage
- soft tissue
- bone loss
- coronary artery bypass
- magnetic resonance imaging
- randomized controlled trial
- dual energy
- positron emission tomography
- image quality
- oxidative stress
- acute coronary syndrome
- study protocol
- surgical site infection
- lps induced
- coronary artery disease
- transcription factor
- risk assessment