A comparative study on aquatic toxicity of chemically-synthesized and green synthesis silver nanoparticles on daphnia magna.

The steady increase in the employment of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in consumer products entails the determination of the aquatic toxicity of AgNPs. Various AgNP characteristics including particle size, and shape, surface charge, and material have prominent effects on ecotoxicity. In the present study, we investigated the aquatic toxicity of chemically-synthesized AgNPs (Che-AgNPs) and green synthesis AgNPs (Gr-AgNPs) to Daphnia magna as a model organism. In each case, Che-AgNPs and Gr-AgNPs showed dose-dependent toxicity in the range of 5-50 ppb. It was also detected that the size and surface coverage material of AgNPs has a significant impact on the survival rate of D. magna. We also analyzed the expression of some genes related to detoxification and the reproductive system. These observations presented that in both NP types the significant alterations were detected in genes of the model organism in a dose-dependent manner.