Whole-Blood Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Mortality in Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Diego ViasusAntonella F SimonettiLara NonellOscar M VidalYolanda MeijeLucía OrtegaMagdalena ArnalMarta Bódalo-TorruellaMontserrat SierraAlexander RombautsGabriela Abelenda-AlonsoGemma BlanchartCarlota GudiolJordi CarratalàPublished in: Biomedicines (2023)
(1) Background: Information regarding gene expression profiles and the prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is scarce. We aimed to examine the differences in the gene expression profiles in peripheral blood at hospital admission between patients with CAP who died during hospitalization and those who survived. (2) Methods: This is a multicenter study of nonimmunosuppressed adult patients who required hospitalization for CAP. Whole blood samples were obtained within 24 h of admission for genome-expression-profile analysis. Gene expression profiling identified both differentially expressed genes and enriched gene sets. (3) Results: A total of 198 samples from adult patients who required hospitalization for CAP were processed, of which 13 were from patients who died. Comparison of gene expression between patients who died and those who survived yielded 49 differentially expressed genes, 36 of which were upregulated and 13 downregulated. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified four positively enriched gene sets in survivors, mainly associated with the interferon-alpha response, apoptosis, and sex hormone pathways. Similarly, GSEA identified seven positively enriched gene sets, associated with the oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative phosphorylation, and angiogenesis pathways, in the patients who died. Protein-protein-interaction-network analysis identified FOS , CDC42 , SLC26A10 , EIF4G2 , CCND3 , ASXL1 , UBE2S , and AURKA as the main gene hubs. (4) Conclusions: We found differences in gene expression profiles at hospital admission between CAP patients who died and those who survived. Our findings may help to identify novel candidate pathways and targets for potential intervention and biomarkers for risk stratification.
Keyphrases
- genome wide
- genome wide identification
- gene expression
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- copy number
- dna methylation
- oxidative stress
- emergency department
- healthcare
- community acquired pneumonia
- randomized controlled trial
- small molecule
- genome wide analysis
- young adults
- protein protein
- transcription factor
- dna damage
- cardiovascular disease
- climate change
- induced apoptosis
- cell proliferation
- risk factors
- risk assessment
- human health
- heat stress
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- data analysis
- diabetic rats
- heat shock