Human oral mucosa-derived neural crest-like stem cells differentiate into functional osteoprogenitors that contribute to regeneration of critical size calvaria defects.

Collectively, the results demonstrate that primordial in vitro engineered constructs consisting of hOMSC-derived osteoprogenitors and absorbable gelatin almost completely regenerate critical size defects in an immunocompetent xenogeneic animal by differentiating into functional osteoblasts that retain the immunomodulatory ability of naïve hOMSC.