Sunlight-Driven Photothermally Boosted Photocatalytic Eradication of Superbugs Using a Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticle-Decorated WO 3 Nanowire-Based Heterojunction.

Superbug infections are currently one of the biggest global health problems in our society. Herein, we report the design of a plasmonic gold nanoparticle (GNP)-decorated WO 3 nanowire-based heterojunction for the proficient usage of sunlight-based renewable energy to inactivate 100% superbugs via photothermally boosted photocatalytic action. Additionally, a synergistic photothermal and photocatalytic approach has been used for sunlight-driven complete eradication of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli (CRE E. coli ) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) superbugs. Interestingly, photocatalytic activity of methylene blue (MB) dye degradation in the presence of 670 nm near-infrared light shows that photothermally boosted photocatalytic performance is much superior to that of only a photocatalytic or photothermal process. The observed higher photocatalytic performance for the heterojunction is because the plasmonic GNP enhanced the absorption capability at 670 nm and increased the temperature of the photocatalyst surface, which reduces the activation energy of the degradation reaction. Similarly, sunlight-driven photocatalytic experiments show 100% degradation of MB after 60 min of sunlight irradiation. Moreover, sunlight-based photocatalytic inactivation of MRSA and CRE E. coli experiments show 100% inactivation after 60 min of light irradiation.