Cognitive Reserve as an Emerging Concept in Stroke Recovery.
Emily RosenichBrenton G HordacreCatherine PaquetSimon A KoblarSusan L HillierPublished in: Neurorehabilitation and neural repair (2020)
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability. It is a complex and largely heterogeneous condition. Prognosis for variations in impairment and recovery following stroke continues to be challenging and inaccurate, highlighting the need to examine the influence of other currently unknown variables to better predict and understand interindividual differences in stroke impairment and recovery. The concept of "cognitive reserve," a feature of brain function said to moderate the relationship between brain pathology and clinical outcomes, might provide a partial explanation. This review discusses the potential significance of cognitive reserve in the context of stroke, with reference to reduced burden of disability poststroke, health promotion, intervention and secondary prevention of cognitive impairment, ease and challenges of translation into clinical practice, prognosis and prediction of recovery, and clinical decisions and trial stratification. Discussions from the review aim to encourage stroke clinicians and researchers to better consider the role of premorbid, lifestyle-related variables, such as cognitive reserve, in facilitating successful neurological outcomes and recovery following stroke.
Keyphrases
- atrial fibrillation
- cerebral ischemia
- cognitive impairment
- randomized controlled trial
- multiple sclerosis
- metabolic syndrome
- type diabetes
- health promotion
- machine learning
- study protocol
- physical activity
- white matter
- resting state
- blood brain barrier
- skeletal muscle
- brain injury
- weight loss
- functional connectivity
- risk assessment
- upper limb
- neural network