Antibacterial Theranostic Agents with Negligible Living Cell Invasiveness: AIE-Active Cationic Amphiphiles Regulated by Alkyl Chain Engineering.
Zeyan ZhuangZijuan MengJianqing LiPingchuan ShenJun DaiXiaoding LouFan XiaBen-Zhong TangZhujin ZhaoPublished in: ACS nano (2022)
To address the threat of bacterial infection in the following post-antibiotic era, developing effective antibacterial approaches is of utmost urgency. Theranostic medicine integrating diagnosis and therapy is a promising protocol to fight against pathogenic bacteria. But numerous reported antibacterial theranostic materials are disclosed to be trapped in the excessive invasiveness to living mammal cells, leading to false positives and possible biosafety risks. Herein, a series of cationic pyridinium-substituted phosphindole oxide derivatives featuring aggregation-induced emission are designed, and alkyl chain engineering is conducted to finely tune their hydrophobicity and investigate their bioaffinity preference for living mammal cells and pathogenic bacteria. Most importantly, an efficient theranostic agent (PyBu-PIO) is acquired that is free from living cell invasiveness with negligible cytotoxicity and yet holds a good affinity for Gram-positive bacteria, including drug-resistant strains, with a superior inactivating effect. Externally applying PyBu-PIO onto Gram-positive bacteria-infected skin wounds can achieve creditable imaging effects and successfully accelerate the healing processes with reliable biosafety. This work proposes living cell invasiveness as a criterion for antibacterial theranostic materials and provides important enlightenment for the design of antibacterial theranostic materials.
Keyphrases
- photodynamic therapy
- drug resistant
- fluorescence imaging
- silver nanoparticles
- single cell
- induced apoptosis
- cell therapy
- multidrug resistant
- wound healing
- cell cycle arrest
- gram negative
- randomized controlled trial
- escherichia coli
- acinetobacter baumannii
- anti inflammatory
- high resolution
- stem cells
- cell death
- climate change
- oxidative stress
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- risk assessment
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- living cells
- replacement therapy
- urinary incontinence