Impact of 4% Deltamethrin-Impregnated Dog Collars on the Incidence of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Community Intervention Trial in Brazil.

The use of DMC was associated with a reduction of 27% in the incidence of HVL during the period of DMC delivery, indicating that DMC is effective as an additional strategy for controlling visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. However, no significant reduction associated with DMC was detected after the intervention period, suggesting that a control program based on the large-scale deployment of DMC might have to be maintained for more extended periods without interruption.