The COVID-19 pandemic is leading to increasing numbers of patients all over the world. Reports on a dysregulated immune system in the severe cases calls for a better characterization of the ongoing changes. To dissect COVID-19-driven immune host responses, we profiled whole blood transcriptomes enabling a data-driven stratification based on molecular phenotype. This analysis allowed prediction of patient subgroup-specific drug candidates targeting the dysregulated systemic immune response of the host.