Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Parameters for Optimized Photoconversion Efficiency in Synergistic Cancer Treatment.
Tsenka GrancharovaPlamen ZagorchevBissera PilichevaPublished in: Journal of functional biomaterials (2024)
Photothermal therapy (PTT) can overcome cancer treatment resistance by enhancing the cell membrane permeability, facilitating drug accumulation, and promoting drug release within the tumor tissue. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have emerged as effective agents for PTT due to their unique properties and biocompatibility. Approved for the treatment of anemia, as MRI contrast agents, and as magnetic hyperthermia mediators, IONPs also offer excellent light-to-heat conversion and can be manipulated using external magnetic fields for targeted accumulation in specific tissue. Optimizing parameters such as the laser wavelength, power density, shape, size, iron oxidation state, functionalization, and concentration is crucial for IONPs' effectiveness. In addition to PTT, IONPs enhance other cancer treatment modalities. They improve tumor oxygenation, enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy. IONPs can also trigger ferroptosis, a programmed cell death pathway mediated by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Their magneto-mechanical effect allows them to exert a mechanical force on cancer cells to destroy tumors, minimizing the damage to healthy tissue. This review outlines strategies for the management of the photothermal performance and PTT efficiency with iron oxide nanoparticles, as well as synergies with other cancer therapies.
Keyphrases
- iron oxide nanoparticles
- drug release
- photodynamic therapy
- cancer therapy
- drug delivery
- iron deficiency
- randomized controlled trial
- contrast enhanced
- early stage
- magnetic resonance imaging
- cell death
- radiation therapy
- systematic review
- oxidative stress
- chronic kidney disease
- papillary thyroid
- squamous cell carcinoma
- emergency department
- single molecule
- computed tomography
- high resolution
- nitric oxide
- rectal cancer
- lymph node metastasis
- liquid chromatography
- smoking cessation
- tissue engineering