Control of HIV infection by IFN-α: implications for latency and a cure.
Nollaig M BourkeSilvia NapoletanoCiaran BannanSuaad AhmedColm BerginÁine McKnightNigel J StevensonPublished in: Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS (2017)
Viral infections, including HIV, trigger the production of type I interferons (IFNs), which in turn, activate a signalling cascade that ultimately culminates with the expression of anti-viral proteins. Mounting evidence suggests that type I IFNs, in particular IFN-α, play a pivotal role in limiting acute HIV infection. Highly active anti-retroviral treatment reduces viral load and increases life expectancy in HIV positive patients; however, it fails to fully eliminate latent HIV reservoirs. To revisit HIV as a curable disease, this article reviews a body of literature that highlights type I IFNs as mediators in the control of HIV infection, with particular focus on the anti-HIV restriction factors induced and/or activated by IFN-α. In addition, we discuss the relevance of type I IFN treatment in the context of HIV latency reversal, novel therapeutic intervention strategies and the potential for full HIV clearance.
Keyphrases
- antiretroviral therapy
- hiv positive
- hiv infected
- human immunodeficiency virus
- men who have sex with men
- hiv aids
- hiv testing
- south africa
- hepatitis c virus
- immune response
- randomized controlled trial
- sars cov
- dendritic cells
- intensive care unit
- oxidative stress
- systematic review
- liver failure
- binding protein
- respiratory failure
- prognostic factors
- patient reported
- long non coding rna
- hepatitis b virus
- smoking cessation
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- stress induced