Attitudes of Jordanian Anesthesiologists and Anesthesia Residents towards Artificial Intelligence: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Success in integrating artificial intelligence (AI) in anesthesia depends on collaboration with anesthesiologists, respecting their expertise, and understanding their opinions. The aim of this study was to illustrate the confidence in AI integration in perioperative anesthetic care among Jordanian anesthesiologists and anesthesia residents working at tertiary teaching hospitals. This cross-sectional study was conducted via self-administered online questionnaire and includes 118 responses from 44 anesthesiologists and 74 anesthesia residents. We used a five-point Likert scale to investigate the confidence in AI's role in different aspects of the perioperative period. A significant difference was found between anesthesiologists and anesthesia residents in confidence in the role of AI in operating room logistics and management, with an average score of 3.6 ± 1.3 among residents compared to 2.9 ± 1.4 among specialists ( p = 0.012). The role of AI in event prediction under anesthesia scored 3.5 ± 1.4 among residents compared to 2.9 ± 1.4 among specialists ( p = 0.032) and the role of AI in decision-making in anesthetic complications 3.3 ± 1.4 among residents and 2.8 ± 1.4 among specialists ( p = 0.034). Also, 65 (55.1%) were concerned that the integration of AI will lead to less human-human interaction, while 81 (68.6%) believed that AI-based technology will lead to more adherence to guidelines. In conclusion, AI has the potential to be a revolutionary tool in anesthesia, and hesitancy towards increased dependency on this technology is decreasing with newer generations of practitioners.