MiRNAs Expression Modulates Osteogenesis in Response to Exercise and Nutrition.
Patrizia ProiaCarlo RossiAnna AliotoAlessandra AmatoCaterina PolizzottoAndrea PagliaroSzymon KuliśSara BaldassanoPublished in: Genes (2023)
In recent years, many articles have been published describing the impact of physical activity and diet on bone health. This review has aimed to figure out the possible epigenetic mechanisms that influence bone metabolism. Many studies highlighted the effects of macro and micronutrients combined with exercise on the regulation of gene expression through miRs. The present review will describe how physical activity and nutrition can prevent abnormal epigenetic regulation that otherwise could lead to bone-metabolism-related diseases, the most significant of which is osteoporosis. Nowadays, it is known that this effect can be carried out not only by endogenously produced miRs, but also through those intakes through the diet. Indeed, they have also been found in the transcriptome of animals and plants, and it is possible to hypothesise an interaction between miRNAs produced by different kingdoms and epigenetic influences on human gene expression. In particular, the key to the activation pathways triggered by diet and physical activity appears to be the activation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), the expression of which is regulated by several miRs. Among the main miRs involved are exercise-induced miR21 and 21-5p, and food-induced miR 221-3p and 222-3p.
Keyphrases
- physical activity
- gene expression
- transcription factor
- bone mineral density
- dna methylation
- poor prognosis
- postmenopausal women
- bone regeneration
- body mass index
- long non coding rna
- soft tissue
- bone loss
- endothelial cells
- public health
- cell proliferation
- healthcare
- genome wide
- mental health
- high intensity
- sleep quality
- drug induced
- dna binding
- long noncoding rna
- diabetic rats
- systematic review
- risk assessment
- rna seq
- single cell
- oxidative stress
- weight loss
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- depressive symptoms
- social media