Antibacterial Activity of Sulfated Galactans from Eucheuma serra and Gracilari verrucosa against Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli via the Disruption of the Cell Membrane Structure.
Yi-Xiang LiuYu MaZhaohua ChenDonghui LiWenqiang LiuLing HuangChao ZouMin-Jie CaoGuang-Ming LiuYanbo WangPublished in: Marine drugs (2020)
Seaweed sulfated polysaccharides have attracted significant attention due to their antibacterial activity. This work investigated the antibacterial activity and mechanism of depolymerized sulfated galactans from Eucheuma serra (E. serra) and Gracilaria verrucosa (G. verrucosa) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88. The results show that removing the metal ions improves the anti-ETEC K88 activity of the galactans. The fluorescence labeling study confirmed that the sulfated galactans penetrated the cell walls and eventually reached the interior of the ETEC K88. Nucleic acid staining and intracellular protein leakage were also observed, indicating the destruction of permeability and integrity of the cell membrane. Interestingly, the two polysaccharides exhibited no effect on the proliferation of the selected Gram-positive bacteria and yeast. This indicates that the cell wall structure of the microorganisms could influence the bacteriostatic activity of the sulfated polysaccharides, as well. These results suggest that the sulfated seaweed polysaccharides might have potential application value in antibacterial diarrhea.
Keyphrases
- escherichia coli
- cell wall
- silver nanoparticles
- nucleic acid
- water soluble
- single cell
- endothelial cells
- working memory
- stem cells
- signaling pathway
- cell therapy
- biofilm formation
- mesenchymal stem cells
- climate change
- mass spectrometry
- single molecule
- reactive oxygen species
- bone marrow
- saccharomyces cerevisiae
- binding protein
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- irritable bowel syndrome
- candida albicans