Associations between maternal depressive symptoms and risk for offspring early-life psychopathology: the role of genetic and non-genetic mechanisms.
Line C GjerdeEspen M EilertsenLaurie J HanniganThalia EleyEspen RøysambTed Reichborn-KjennerudFruhling V RijsdijkTom A McAdamsEivind YstromPublished in: Psychological medicine (2019)
Associations between maternal depressive symptoms and offspring psychopathology symptoms remained after accounting for shared genes, consistent with a small, causal effect. For offspring emotional problems, this effect appeared to increase in importance over time. Our findings imply that treatment of maternal depressive symptoms could also benefit the offspring, and that genetic confounding should be considered in future studies of such mother-offspring associations.
Keyphrases
- depressive symptoms
- high fat diet
- genome wide
- early life
- social support
- birth weight
- sleep quality
- pregnancy outcomes
- copy number
- adipose tissue
- insulin resistance
- type diabetes
- dna methylation
- gene expression
- anorexia nervosa
- physical activity
- weight gain
- skeletal muscle
- gestational age
- case control
- replacement therapy
- genome wide analysis