Predictors of improvement in disease activity in first hospitalized patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a multicenter retrospective study of a Chinese cohort.

Organ damage or comorbidities at admission were adverse to SLE improvement. Anti-dsDNA antibody positive, hypocomplementemia, musculoskeletal involvements, and leflunomide treatment had positive association with IDA of SLE. Key Points • Organ damage or comorbidities at admission were negatively correlated with SLE improvement. • Anti-dsDNA antibody positivity, hypocomplementemia, musculoskeletal involvements, and leflunomide treatment were positively associated with SLE improvement.