Risk factors and prophylaxis for nocardiosis in solid organ transplant recipients: A nested case-control study.

Multiple measures of immunosuppression and lack of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis were associated with nocardiosis in SOT recipients. Effectiveness of prophylaxis may be related to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole dose or frequency. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole should be preferentially utilized over alternative agents in SOT recipients with augmented immunosuppression or signs of heightened immunocompromise.