Autophagic structures revealed by cryo-electron tomography: new clues about autophagosome biogenesis.
Hana PopelkaDaniel J KlionskyPublished in: Autophagy (2023)
Transitions from the early to late phagophore, which occur to engulf cytoplasmic material within an autophagosome for macroautophagic/autophagic degradation, involve dynamic ultrastructural changes that are not fully understood. A recent study combined cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) with extensive computational analysis to get a better insight into autophagosome biogenesis in situ within yeast cells. This approach disclosed new information on the shape of autophagic structures, their contacts with surrounding organelles, membrane sources, and mechanisms of transition. Together, these results provide new directions for autophagy research, and show the potential of cryo-ET in cell biology. Abbreviations: Cryo-ET, cryo-electron tomography; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; IMDa, intermembrane distance in the autophagosome; IMDp, intermembrane distance in the phagophore; LD, lipid droplets.
Keyphrases
- electron microscopy
- cell death
- endoplasmic reticulum
- high resolution
- cell cycle arrest
- induced apoptosis
- oxidative stress
- healthcare
- signaling pathway
- single cell
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- stem cells
- mesenchymal stem cells
- estrogen receptor
- fatty acid
- breast cancer cells
- social media
- cell proliferation
- saccharomyces cerevisiae
- human health