Qualifications, professional roles and service practices of nurses, occupational therapists and speech-language pathologists in the management of adults with oropharyngeal dysphagia: a Nordic survey.

Study results highlight challenges in education and training of professionals responsible for the management of adults with OD in the Nordic countries. Increased use of evidence-based assessment and exercise-based treatments to improve swallowing are warranted. Adherence to European and international clinical practice guidelines for the management of adults with OD is recommended.