Neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 3 years after moderate preterm, late preterm and early term birth: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Moderate preterm, late preterm and early term births were associated with developmental impairment at age 3 years compared with full-term births, with increasing prematurity. Careful follow-up of non-full-term children by paediatricians and other healthcare providers is necessary for early detection of neurodevelopmental impairment and implementation of available intervention.