Sortase-Modified Cholera Toxoids Show Specific Golgi Localization.
Darren C MachinDaniel J WilliamsonPeter FisherVictoria J MillerZoe L P ArnottCharlotte M E StevensonGemma C WildsmithJames F RossChristopher W WassonAndrew MacdonaldBenjamin I AndrewsDaniel UngarW Bruce TurnbullMichael E WebbPublished in: Toxins (2024)
Cholera toxoid is an established tool for use in cellular tracing in neuroscience and cell biology. We use a sortase labeling approach to generate site-specific N-terminally modified variants of both the A2-B 5 heterohexamer and B 5 pentamer forms of the toxoid. Both forms of the toxoid are endocytosed by GM1-positive mammalian cells, and while the heterohexameric toxoid was principally localized in the ER, the B 5 pentamer showed an unexpectedly specific localization in the medial/trans-Golgi. This study suggests a future role for specifically labeled cholera toxoids in live-cell imaging beyond their current applications in neuronal tracing and labeling of lipid rafts in fixed cells.
Keyphrases
- endoplasmic reticulum
- induced apoptosis
- high resolution
- cell cycle arrest
- cell therapy
- copy number
- stem cells
- fatty acid
- oxidative stress
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell death
- mass spectrometry
- pet imaging
- gene expression
- bone marrow
- genome wide
- cell proliferation
- blood brain barrier
- breast cancer cells
- cerebral ischemia
- fluorescence imaging
- brain injury
- pet ct