Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and their action in the synovial membranes of patients with painful knee osteoarthritis.
Shotaro TakanoKentaro UchidaGen InoueToshihide MatsumotoJun AikawaDai IwaseManabu MukaiMasayuki MiyagiMasashi TakasoPublished in: BMC musculoskeletal disorders (2018)
Synovial VEGF may be involved in pain pathways in KOA and its action may be mediated by apelin.