Pediatric obesity: prevention is better than care.
Roberta RomanelliNicola CecchiMaria Grazia CarboneMichele DinardoGiuseppina GaudinoEmanuele Miraglia Del GiudiceGiuseppina Rosaria UmanoPublished in: Italian journal of pediatrics (2020)
Pediatric obesity is one of the most relevant health issues of the last century. Obesity-related short and long-term consequences are responsible of a large amount of economic cost. In addition, the different therapeutic strategies, such as lifestyle correction, drug, and bariatric surgery have displayed low effectiveness. Considering this evidence, prevention appears to be more promising than treatment in contrasting obesity epidemic. In this review, we summarize obesity pathogenesis with the aim of highlight the main obesity risk factors that can be addressed as target of preventive interventions. Moreover, we report the evidence about effectiveness of different interventions targeting family, school, and community. A multiple-component intervention, addressing different targets and settings, might be desirable, however more studies are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and to direct policy interventions.
Keyphrases
- weight loss
- metabolic syndrome
- insulin resistance
- bariatric surgery
- high fat diet induced
- type diabetes
- weight gain
- healthcare
- physical activity
- randomized controlled trial
- mental health
- risk factors
- public health
- systematic review
- cardiovascular disease
- body mass index
- emergency department
- palliative care
- young adults
- drug delivery
- climate change
- skeletal muscle
- drug induced
- smoking cessation
- combination therapy
- life cycle