NOBF4-Functionalized Au-Fe3O4 Nanoheterodimers for Radiation Therapy: Synergy Effect Due to Simultaneous Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Formation.
Stefanie KleinChristina HarreißChristina MenterJulian HümmerLuitpold V R DistelKarsten MeyerRainer HockCarola KryschiPublished in: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2018)
Snowman-shaped Au-Fe3O4 nanoheterodimers were synthesized by thermal decomposition of iron oleate on presynthesized Au nanoparticles. Subsequently performed ligand exchange with nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate provided water solubility and enabled X-ray-induced NO release. These Au-Fe3O4 nanoheterodimers combine high- Z material with catalytically active Fe3O4 surfaces and, moreover, plasmonic properties with superparamagnetic performance. We could establish synergetic interactions between X-radiation and both the Au and Fe3O4 surfaces, which resulted in the simultaneous production of the nitric oxide radical at the Fe3O4 surface and the superoxide radical at the Au surface. The surface-confined reaction between these radicals generated peroxynitrite. This highly reactive species may cause nitration of mitochondrial proteins and lipid peroxidation and induce DNA strand breaks. Therefore, high concentrations of peroxynitrite are expected to give rise to severe cellular energetic derangements and thereupon entail rapid cell death. As providing a common platform for X-ray-induced formation of the highly reactive radical nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite, nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate functionalized Au-Fe3O4 nanosnowmen were shown to exhibit excellent performance as X-ray-enhancing agents in radiation therapy.
Keyphrases
- sensitive detection
- nitric oxide
- radiation therapy
- reduced graphene oxide
- cell death
- quantum dots
- high resolution
- visible light
- oxidative stress
- high glucose
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- drug induced
- signaling pathway
- mass spectrometry
- magnetic resonance imaging
- early onset
- escherichia coli
- iron oxide nanoparticles
- molecularly imprinted
- fatty acid
- rectal cancer
- nucleic acid
- iron deficiency
- energy transfer
- circulating tumor cells