Robotic rehabilitation for end-effector device and botulinum toxin in upper limb rehabilitation in chronic post-stroke patients: an integrated rehabilitative approach.
Teresa PaolucciFrancesco AgostiniMassimiliano MangoneAndrea BernettiLetizia PezziVitalma LiottiElena RecubiniCristina CantarellaRosa Grazia BellomoCarlo D'AurizioRaoul SagginiPublished in: Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology (2021)
Our results suggest, in line with the literature, a good efficacy in the reduction of spasticity and in the improvement of the function of the UL, with the reduction of pain, adopting a rehabilitation protocol integrated with BoTN, robot-assisted training, and traditional physiotherapy.
Keyphrases
- robot assisted
- upper limb
- botulinum toxin
- end stage renal disease
- minimally invasive
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- randomized controlled trial
- systematic review
- spinal cord injury
- peritoneal dialysis
- prognostic factors
- pain management
- regulatory t cells
- dendritic cells
- patient reported outcomes
- virtual reality
- herpes simplex virus