Drug-resistant bacterial infections pose a serious threat to human public health. Biofilm formation is one of the main factors contributing to the development of bacterial resistance, characterized by a hypoxic and microacidic microenvironment. Traditional antibiotic treatments have been ineffective against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Novel monotherapies have had little success. On the basis of the photothermal effect, molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles were used to link quaternized polyethylenimine (QPEI), dihydroporphyrin e6 (Ce6), and <i>Panax notoginseng</i> saponins (PNS) in a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). A multifunctional nanoplatform (MQCP@ZIF-8) was constructed with dual response to pH and near-infrared light (NIR), which resulted in synergistic photothermal and photodynamic antibacterial effects. The nanoplatform exhibited a photothermal conversion efficiency of 56%. It inhibited MDR <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) and MDR <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) by more than 95% and effectively promoted wound healing in mice infected with MDR <i>S. aureus</i>. The nanoplatform induced the death of MDR bacteria by promoting biofilm ablation, disrupting bacterial cell membranes and intracellular DNA, and interfering with intracellular material and energy metabolism. In this study, a multifunctional nanoplatform with good antibacterial effect was developed. The molecular mechanisms of MDR bacteria were also elucidated for possible clinical application.
Keyphrases
- cancer therapy
- multidrug resistant
- drug resistant
- biofilm formation
- staphylococcus aureus
- drug delivery
- escherichia coli
- acinetobacter baumannii
- photodynamic therapy
- wound healing
- gram negative
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- candida albicans
- drug release
- public health
- stem cells
- endothelial cells
- quantum dots
- type diabetes
- single molecule
- anti inflammatory
- room temperature
- insulin resistance
- metabolic syndrome
- cystic fibrosis
- reactive oxygen species
- fluorescent probe
- cell free
- mesenchymal stem cells
- bone marrow
- circulating tumor cells
- pluripotent stem cells
- ionic liquid