A pathway phenotype linking metabolic, immune, oxidative, and opioid pathways with comorbid depression, atherosclerosis, and unstable angina.

Rana Fadhil MousaHasan Najah SmesamHasan Abbas QazmoozHussein Kadhem Al-HakeimMichael Maes

Published in: CNS spectrums (2021)

Immune activation, the endogenous opioid system, antioxidants, trace elements, and macrominerals modulate a common core shared by increased depressive symptoms, ATS, UA, atherogenicity, and IR.

Keyphrases

depressive symptoms
chronic pain
pain management
social support
sleep quality
coronary artery disease
cardiovascular disease
coronary artery
percutaneous coronary intervention
acute coronary syndrome