Improved assessment of radiofrequency electromagnetic field power deposition near orthopaedic device using a bone-inclusive ASTM phantom under 1.5T and 3T MRI.

Objective. A bone-inclusive ASTM phantom is proposed to improve the assessment of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) power deposition near orthopedic device under 1.5 T and 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Approach. A phantom is created by introducing a cylindrical bone structure inside the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) phantom. Four orthopaedic implant families-rod, nailing system, plate system, and hip replacement-are used in the study. RF-EMF power deposition (in terms of peak averaged specific absorption rate over 1 gram) near these implants are evaluated by placing these implants inside the standard ASTM phantom, the developed bone-inclusive ASTM phantom, and two anatomically representative human body phantoms, known as Duke and Ella. Numerical simulations are performed to calculate the RF-EMF power deposition near various orthopaedic devices within these phantoms. Main Results. For devices implanted inside or near bone tissue, the evaluation of RF-EMF power deposition using the developed bone-inclusive ASTM phantom shows better correlations to the human body phantoms than the ASTM phantom. This improvement is attributed to the portion of the devices implanted within the bone tissue. Significance. The bone-inclusive ASTM phantom has the different tissue of interests surrounding the implants compared to the ASTM phantom. This variation can lead to the different resonance frequency under RF-EMF exposure. This leads to better correlation of RF-EMF power deposition near orthopaedic implants inside human body, making the bone-inclusive ASTM phantom more suitable for evaluating RF-EMF power deposition than ASTM phantom in MRI scans.